全国高考卷英语(2021全国高考英语一卷D篇阅读理解辨析)

2021全国高考英语一卷D篇阅读理解

试题文本第一段：Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

原文节选第一段对照：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.

1. 本段关键信息词汇：changed, popularization, original, misunderstand, makeup, far beyond, skill-based，but,

a. Popularization: 为大众所普遍接受的（对普通公众有吸引力的行为、或者现象）

b.makeup: 取含义 （N-UNCOUNT 天性;性格）Some-one's make-up is their nature and the various qualities in their character.

There was some fatal flaw in his makeup, and as time went on he lapsed into long silences or became off-hand.

他的性格有致命的缺陷，随着时间的推移，他陷入了久久的沉默，或者变得漠然。

2. 黑体词部分从语篇思维角度可能会是影响阅读理解的关键词，也可能是命题题点所需要支持的信息词。

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

本题题干提问信息词汇：misunderstanding。相对应上面2提到的阅读以及命题关键词：misunderstood。本题的四个选项对这一部分进行了paraphrase，干扰项把原文信息进行了相反的paraphrase，正确项貌似对信息almost everything desirable 进行了paraphrase：It refers to a person’s positive qualities.但事实上，desirable 和positive 是两个具有不同性质的修饰类形容词。两者严谨来讲不能同指同一事物。此处，答案选择D。

文本第一段命题人修改了两个信息词distorted—changed；equate—misunderstood。这两对词汇的替换是否恰当，供读者们探讨。本观点认为有欠妥当，因为欠妥当，引起32题的设计结合原文让人感觉不地道。Distort相似与misunderstood，而equate和misunderstood基本很难语义相关。

考试文本第二段：We? prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

1.标色部分为“第二段”的试题文本和原文改动词汇对比。试题文本被认为在此处划分了另一段落。是否符合语篇写作形式逻辑，需要从写作技巧上进行具体分析。

2.事实上，define无需改为describe。Prosocial or antisocial purposes改为good or bad purposes已经改变了，原作者的写作意图，两者含义区别很大，会给读者造成一定的思维干扰。perceive,understand,know这样的替换还是可以的。therapist/doctor，gauge/find, client/ patient,whereas/while, con artist/cheater的替换也可以接受。Ethical 应该是课标词汇，无需修改。

3.“The ability< to accurately understand how others are feeling >may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. ”这是一个复杂句子，the ability 指上文提到的emotional intelligence所代表的能力。The ability may be used by a doctor to find...whereas (此处还是觉得原词更好）表示“指定性转折对比”，医生可以用以对症治疗，骗子也可能拿来行骗。得出结论：有情商的人群可能是具有两面性的分类人群。

33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule.? B. To clarify a concept.

C. To? present a fact.? D. To make a prediction.

此题属于细节理解题。理解了原文信息就可以读懂题干。但是选项信息区别性不是太大，命题人从主观角度给出D为标准答案。比较起来，D为最佳。AC并没有原则上的非正确性的信息支持。

考试文本第三段：Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run? far? ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect? of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being.?

原文对照：Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

1. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run? far? ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.

虽然关于情商的流行（大众化）观点远远超出了研究所能提供的合理支持（论证），但宣传的总体效果是利大于弊。

a.run far ahead of :远远跑在前面。此处语境指“远远超过”。

b.publicity n.(媒体的)关注，宣传，报道;宣传业;广告宣传工作;传播工作

2. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social welfare.

这种普及(媒体宣传形成的人们的普遍认知）最积极的方面是雇主、教育工作者和其他关心促进社会福利的人对情感的一种新的和急需的强化。

试题文本第四段：

The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

原文对照：The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life.

此处research psychology/researchers,humans/people的替换意义不是很大，原文词汇更加贴切达意。

1.The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped boththe public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.情商的普及帮助公众和研究者重新评估情感的功能以及它们如何在日常生活中适应性地为人们服务。

34. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.

询问作者情感态度的试题一般可以通过文章信息获得答案。文本3.4段表明作者的态度是肯定的。

试题文本第五段：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

1. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

虽然情绪智力的持续流行的吸引力是可取的，我们希望这种关注将激发对情绪的科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。

2. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives.

我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将提供新的视角以此来研究人们如何管理（引领）自己的生活。此处，原文当中的navigate要比修改后的manage更能表达意义。

3.Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

情商，以其对头脑和心灵的关注，可能会为我们指明正确的方向。

原文对照：

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

此题的命题点属于对段落大意进行概括，关联关键词“hope,will，may”, 链接答案中的expectations。D项的语言表述是有问题的。B项可以改为：Expectations for future studies on it. C项可以改为：The practical application on it.

总结：本文是节选。文章基本表意完整。选取这一部分视角和普通关于情商的认知有一定的差异性。也正是这种认知差异性使得本文通过英语传达的思想略有难度。文本有一些复杂句，但整体句式整齐，没有偏怪句式，不会产生明显的句式语言障碍。当然，也会对学生的基本语法习得情况有一定的区分度。试题命制中规中矩。试题文本被命题人划分为5段，从文法角度是否严谨科学有待考证。建议语篇分析此文时酌情科学进行。

试卷试题：

We? prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.

Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run? far? ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect? of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being.? The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives ( 视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.

32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence?

A. It can be measured by an IQ test.

B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.

C. It includes a set of emotional skills.

D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.

33. Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2?

A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.

C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.

Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.

34. What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence?

A. Favorable.B. Intolerant.C. Doubtful.D. Unclear.

35. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence?

A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.

C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.

原文链接：http://eqi.org/salov2.htm Wechat Official Account: FreedomWriter

节选原文：Popularization has in some cases distorted the original scientific definition of emotional intelligence. Many people now equate emotional intelligence with almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and "people skills." Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to define emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either prosocial or antisocial purposes. The ability to accurately perceive how others are feeling may be used by a therapist to gauge how best to help her clients, whereas a con artist might use it to manipulate potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one an ethical person.

Although popular claims regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social welfare. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and research psychology reevaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve humans adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is both warranted and desirable, we hope that such attention will stimulate a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in cognitive and affective science will offer intertwining perspectives from which to study how people navigate their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may adequately serve to point us in the right direction

2020高考英语难度排名前三的是哪些试卷？

应该变化不是太大，英语不会很难的

“今年高考英语会进一步强化语境因素，增加语法知识与语言环境的综合运用。试卷总体难度可能会略有上升，但基本上可以剔除偏题、怪题的出现。”南昌外国语学校英语教研组长，曾参加与主持多个省市、国家课题，参与编写多部教学辅导书的王志军老师说。

此外，王老师表示，纵观近几年英语考试题，单项选择题非常注重句式变化，题干设计更加灵活、实际，这样的题型主要是为了考查考生的应变能力。王老师强调，不论高考英语单项选择题的灵活度与难度如何提高，只要大家沉着应对，多透过题干看清楚题目本质考点，回想老师经常教授的知识点，相信大家不易在此大题失分。

思路点拨：

单项选择题涉及知识面广，涵盖了交际、时态、语态、冠词、形容词与副词、动词（词组）、情态动词与虚拟语气、非谓语动词、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句以及特殊句型等。

1.时态与语态：

考生在具体审题之后，划出时间点（时间状语）与有关动词，在题目旁大概画个简单的时间轴，以此参照。今年考生可多关注现在完成进行时、一般过去式、过去进行时、将来/过去完成时。做题同时，千万不要忽略与之搭配的语态。

2.冠词：

每年必考，但考生每年又时常失误。考生可先查看是否固定词组搭配的冠词，再关键考虑“特指/泛指”。特别注意与逻辑主语的同位语，例如：Mr.Smith，_____teacherwealladmire，worksin…此题泛指，用a，如果指独一无二的人或物，那就用the。再例如：Tenyearslater，_____newandbeautifultownwillbeinfrontofus.对于_____+adj.+可数名词结构，一般常用a/an。

3.情态动词：

情态动词多，加上用法复杂，建议考生把平时容易出错的此类题目拿出来再次翻阅，着重温习几个重点常考情态动词：shall表承诺、命令、威胁，和与第三人称引导一般疑问句用法；should用于虚拟语气与表示“竟然”用法；must表示“非得”与对现在、过去推测用法及他们的否定形式；can/could用于虚拟与推测用法，及和would用于虚拟的区别，would还有表示过去常常等。

4.非谓语动词：

对于这类题型，考生须牢记两点：逻辑关系与动作是否发生。逻辑关系指的是逻辑主语与动词间的主被动关系；动作是否发生指的是逻辑主语此动作已经、正在还是将要发生，相对应可用过去分词、现在分词与不定式。另外，一般用于句首的Havingdone/Havingbeendone……和Ved.+介词+宾语的两种引导状语从句也须值得注意。

5.定语从句、名词性从句与状语从句三大从句：

解决这三类句型的前提就是需要考生确定所考试题是哪种类型从句。定语从句需确定要有先行词，其次看先行词在句型中所做的成分，这两点是做好定语从句的先决条件，今年考生可多复习介词+which/as引导的定语从句以及when/where引导的定语从句等。名词性从句主要考点还是集中在主语、宾语从句上，尤其是“介词+_____（从句）”，在这类从句中一般缺少主语或宾语的，我们一般用what引导。状语从句涵盖面较广，建议考生在时间状语从句（themoment/immediately，bythetime，beabouttodo/bedoing…when等）和条件状语从句（aslongas，unless等）上多温习下，当然不要忽略while，though，nowthat等引导的状语从句。

6.特殊句型：

强调、倒装、省略与therebe句型每年都会或多或少地出现，考生今年也不该掉以轻心。强调句型中：w/h词+itwasthat…或w/h词+wasitthat…以及itwas…_____…_____…是高考的常客，还有与定语从句的区别也需注意。地点状语放句首的完全倒装与带有否定词no的词组的部分倒装也是近年一大热点

图表类与漫画类的作文可多关注

每年的考试中，书面表达这一题型也是考生夺分的关键。“纵观江西高考英语近几年的书面表达，中心是围绕学生身边的事物，重心在于让考生有东西可写。考生在备考之余，不如多多关心图表类与漫画类的英文写作，多看范文，把此类书面表达的结构了然于胸，甚至不如把一些常用的句型背下来，从而丰富写作内容与框架。”王老师说，“比如家有轿车数量猛增——ShouldChinaproducemoreor

lesscars，学生安全事件或身心健康——Howtomakeusphysicallyandmentallyhealthy等话题，以及社会热点话题：是否建设地铁的学生观点、吸烟是否该在公共场合取缔、智能手机对学生的利弊等。”

思路点拨：

1.审题主要包括三个方面：审文体、审要求、审要点，还要涉及人称、时态、句式的选择及表现手法等。目前常见的题型主要以书信、看图作文、表格加提示等形式为主，具有一定的交际目的。

2.确定短文的中心及要点。短文的中心是短文的灵魂；中心要明确，必要时可“列点”，即写出提纲和主题句。要防止出现画蛇添足、节外生枝的现象，注意详略得当。

3.确定短文的时态、主要句型及必要的短语。在审题过程中，考生可根据试题中要表达的内容和要点初步确定使用的句式和短语，要善于使用现成的句子结构，注意使用熟悉和地道的短语，即平时背诵的各种体裁范文的格式、惯用语句等。

4.变换句型。要注意句式的变换，使写出来的句子更加准确、得体、简洁、灵活。值得注意的是，考生应按自己的实际情况量力而为，而不要勉为其难，以免出现不必要的错误，甚至表达不清。程度比较好的考生可适当使用一些复杂结构和新颖词汇，但应以准确表达意思为第一原则。

5.确保流畅。使用恰当的连接词对写出一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使整篇文章上下衔接自然、紧凑，层次清晰。

6.规范书写。优美匀称的书写将给阅卷老师以赏心悦目的印象，对于得高分将起到重要的作用。

2020高考英语难度排名前三的是江苏卷 、上海卷 、浙江卷。

1、江苏卷?

点评：2020江苏卷高考英语的试题紧跟时代变化，同时又贴切学生的生活。单项选择贴近时事，重视词义辨析，重视语用语境，无难偏怪题的风格，有1-2道难题，考察动词短语的词义辨析；完形是一篇记叙文，讲的是动物园2个工作人员为了保护火烈鸟，帮助它们长大，研发繁衍技术帮助他们繁殖后代，这个话题突出濒危动物保护，凸显了人类命运共同体这个主题，贴近时代。

阅读A篇是一篇旅游类广告，再次延续江苏省一贯用异域风情的旅游素材命题；B篇是一篇科普，是讲科研人员在黄石公园寻找火山的火山岩；C篇是关于信息技术革命其实增加了发达国家和发展中国家的差距；D篇是夹叙夹议类文章，文章温馨感人，充满着人性的光辉和正能量，关注弱势群体。

任务型阅读考的是人类的2个特征，1个是直立行走，1个是脑子很大，比较发达；作文题目回归全国卷，满满的中国味，满满的文化感，也结合了江苏一贯的读写作文风格。

2、上海卷?

点评：以往上海英语高考的难度在全国来说首屈一指，但是2020年上海高考英语，学生反映比春考简单。2020上海卷各部分语言材料的选取具有强烈的社会气息，重视让学生对时事及社会现象进行辩证思考。

上海作文，题目“假如你是李明，你到一座古城旅游，看到公告：当地人需要5美元门票，外国人需要15美元门票，请你写给当地杂志社，写出你的看法和理由。”所选话题紧密联系社会现象，使学生能写、可写，同时针对话题，表达观点。关于听说测试，在标准化考场中，考生通过计算机和专用耳麦，完成听力试题和口语应答。

3、浙江卷?

点评：2020年浙江高考英语整体难度与18年相当，试卷体现了“稳定与创新”的命题原则，稳中求进，体现人文精神。英语选题材料丰富，由浅入深，突出基础性与创新性，与时代主题息息相关。各难度试题比例合理，充分考虑不同思维层次水平的学生的能力，同时又能很好的区分不同能力水平的考生。

阅读的第三篇考查加利福尼亚的大树严重减少，试题设计精心，科学规范，充分体现了高考命题的高标准和严要求。

写作第一节应用文，体裁的要求是“邮件”，既可以采用传统信件的格式，也可以采用电子邮件的常用格式。但是，因为Alex尚未回国，因此更加建议使用电子邮件的格式。命题方向的改变体现了高考英语写作不再仅仅关注语言能力本身，而是让写作真正成为学生表达思想、展现思维和语言表达的途径。

扩展资料：

2020年高考英语命题考察方向：

1、体现高考评价体系总体要求，重视学科素养养成

2020年高考英语试题将以英语学科听说读写四项关键能力为重心，突出交际、思辨和学习的学科素养导向。

通过选择难度合适且与考生日常学习生活息息相关的语篇，将思维品质培养、和谐的人际交往以及关注生态环境保护等具有鲜明时代特征的理念融入到语言能力考查中。

2、深化内容改革，试题质量不断提升

2020高考英语试卷结构将保持稳定，全面考查综合语言运用能力。在试卷结构设计上既有针对各单项语言技能的专门考查，如听力部分、阅读理解部分和写作部分，又有针对综合语言技能的考查，如语言知识运用部分，体现了基础性和综合性的考查要求。

高考英语各套试卷所采用篇章材料的难度水平呈阶梯分布，考查要点覆盖面广，试卷中难、较难、较易和容易各难度层级试题比例要进一步优化；通过创新选择题设问方式及合理设置干扰项等方式，稳步提升试题命制质量。