非谓语动词高考真题(两道非谓语选择题.求解释)

1.Do you consider it any good ______again?

A to try B.try C.trying. D for you to try

2.Do you think it any good ___with him again?

据说选to talk.

第一题 选C。 D为什么不可以

请问 这两句不都是it 作形式宾语吗？不是I consider/ think it is good to....... 这样吗？

请帮忙加以区分谢谢！

答：这个问题问得好！

第一题选C

译：你认为再试有用处吗？

析：本题考查形式宾语和真正宾语。源于形式主语it和真正主语it

我们知道，不定式和动名词都可以作主语。如用形式主语it,真正的主语多为不定式：

句型1：it is +adj. + to do sth. 如：it is important to do sth.

句型2：it is +n. +to do sth. 如：it is good manners to do sth.

只有下面这种情况下才用动名词作真正的主语：

It is no good/ no use doing sth.

可能因为成语：it is no good crying over the spilt milk. 之故。

所以第一题源于：Do you consider that it is any good trying again?

-->Do you consider it any good trying again?

“consider 后面只能跟 动名词作宾语 所以其他选项错”，这样的回答是有问题的。这里的真正宾语用动名词，不是因为consider是一个只能跟动名词作宾语（不能跟不定式作宾语）的单宾动词。 consider doing sth. 中的consider作“考虑”解释。当consider 作“认为”解释时，是复宾动词，后跟形容词、名词作宾语补足语。

如：We consider him (to be/as) honest (/an honest man) 我们认为他是一个诚实的人。

没有规定其宾语一定要用动名词，根据需要，可以是名词，可以是不定式，也可以是动名词。

这里真宾用动名词是因为句型：it is no good doing sth. 如将any good 改成necessary,则应用不定式作真宾。

请看网上的例句：

We consider it necessary to protect animals.

Before entering this site, we consider it necessary to briefly introduce you to our website.

I consider it necessary to brush three times a day.

第二题中的think与consider可以互换，都是“认为”，都是跟复合宾语，宾补都是any good,由

I think (that) it is no good doing sth. 变化而来。所以你的那个据说的答案“to talk”并不符合考试英语，也不符合语言习惯。因为有It is no good/ no use criying over spilt milk. 这个widespread的谚语。

关于第二题的答案，我认为是在多人改编题目的过程中走样了的结果。

可能原题句是：

Do you think it good ___with him again?

A to talk B talking C to talking D having talked

答案是A 没错，因为这里的good是形容词，it is good to do sth. 与it is no good doing sth.不是一个句型，good的词性也不一样，后者中的good 是名词，与do good to sb. / do sb. good中的good词性相同，是抽象不可数名词，意为“好处”，可以被限定词no, any修饰。

有人将这一题根据“语感”，在good前加了一个any, 从而改变了句型。但答案没有改。

附：从一道高考题看 consider 的用法

动词consider既可作“考虑”讲, 又可作“看作”讲, 二者有什么区别呢? 让我们走近consider, 看看它有哪些用法吧。

93 NMET试题中的一道单项选择题是:

Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.

A. to invent

B. inventing

C. to have invented

D. having invented

此题考查的就是consider的用法。让我们对consider的用法作一归纳, 然后, 再做答案。

一、consider意为“考虑, 细想”时, 其后可跟:

1. 名词或代词:

We must consider the matter from different standpoints.

我们应当从各个角度来考虑一下这件事。

We must consider it very carefully. 我们应仔细地考虑它。

2. 从句:

We must consider what's to be done. 我们必须考虑该怎么办。

He considered how he should answer. 他考虑应当怎样回答。

3. “疑问词＋不定式”:

Have you considered how to get there? 你是否考虑过如何到那里?

We have to consider what material to use first. 我们先得考虑用什么材料。

注意: consider作“考虑”解时, 不能直接接不定式。

4. 动名词:

He considered going to see them in person. 他考虑亲自去看望他们。

He is considering changing his job. 他在考虑调换一下工作。

5. 介词over或单独用:

He said they had considered over it. 他说他们已经考虑过了。

Let me consider. 让我考虑一下。

二、consider意为“认为, 以为, 把……看作”, 其后可跟:

1. 从句:

We consider that a friend in need is a friend indeed.

我们认为患难之友才是真正的朋友。

2. 名词的复合结构（即名词作宾语补足语）:

We consider Beijing the heart of our country.

我们认为北京是我国的心脏。

3. 带形容词的复合结构:

They considered me too young to do the work.

他们认为我太年轻, 干不了这项工作。

4. 带不定式的复合结构:

We consider only such methods to be correct.

我们认为只有这样的方法才是正确的。

注意: 不定式后主要是be, 间或为其它动词（多为完成式）。

We all considered him to have stolen Tom's wallet.

我们都以为是他偷了汤姆的钱包。

5. 带介词短语的复合结构:

We always consider these people as our true comrades.

我们一向认为这些人是我们真正的同志。

They always consider themselves in the right. 他们总认为自己对。

6. 带“it形式宾语＋形容词＋真正宾语（动词不定式、从句等）”:

We consider it our duty to help her. 我们认为帮助她是我们的职责。

I consider it a great pleasure that I can work with you.

我觉得能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。

注意: consider作“认为”解时, 一般不接动名词。

综上所述, 我们可以看出前文所提的93年的那道高考题考查的是consider作“认为”解时的用法, 题干是被动式, 改为主动式为:

We generally consider Charles Babbage ______ the first computer. 不难看出, 这一句子的基本结构为: 主语＋谓语＋复合宾语（名词＋动词不定式）, 答案应选动词不定式。因“发明”这一动作已经发生, 故应选to have invented, 即C。

练习: I. 选择填空。

1. They have been considering ______ the problem.

a. to work out

b. work out

c. working out

d. worked out

2. I consider Tom ______ the finest basketball player today.

a. to be

b. being

c. was

d. be

3. I don't know ______ .

a. whether they will consider visiting the Summer Palace

b. whether will they consider to visit the Summer Palace

c. whether they will consider to visit the Summer Palace

d. whether they will consider visit the Summer Palace

4. Our monitor ______ to be an honest man.

a. considers

b. is considering

c. was considered

d. has considered

II. 根据第一句完成第二句, 每空填一词, 使句意不变。

1. He was considering repairing the watch.

He was considering ______ ______ ______ the watch.

2. We consider Lu Xun one of the greatest writers in China.

Lu Xun ______ ______ one of the greatest writers in China.

3. We considered that it was necessary to do so.

We considered ______ ______ to do so.

4. I consider the report to be wrong.

I consider the report ______ .

Key: I. 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. c

II. 1. how to repair 2. is considered 3. it necessary 4. wrong

英语非谓语动词解题原则

　导语：非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。下面是我整理的英语非谓语动词解题原则，欢迎参考!

　原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词

　例1. _________ many times, but he still couldn't understand it.

　A. Having been told B. Having told

　C. He had been told D. Though he had been told

　例2._________ many times, he still couldn't understand it.

　A. Having been told B. Having told

　C. He had been told D. Though he had told

　解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。

　例2中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。

　原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式

　例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

　A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

　解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed形式，答案为B。

　例4. __________, I really believe that I'd prefer not to make any change now.

　A. Considered all the possibilities

　B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration

　C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration

　D. Giving all the possibilities

　解析：把。。。考虑进来结构为take sth into consideration，现在take后面有宾语all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案为B。

　原则三、being done 表示?正在被?，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前

　例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

　A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

　解析：根据句意?我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件?，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用having done，答案为D。

　例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

　A. to have founded B. having founded

　C. founding D. to found

　解析：根据句意，Tim Bemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情，而且be considered后面应该用动词不定式，所以应该用to have done，答案为A。

　原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-to do，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed

　例7. The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

　A.produced B.being produced

　C.to be produced D.having been produced

　解析：根据本题中的时间状语next month，可知the play将要于下月被创作出来，表将来应该用to do，所以答案为C。

　例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

　A. being blown down B. blown down

　C. blowing down D. to blow down

　解析：根据句意?被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了?，树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作，表已经完成用-ed形式，所以答案为B。

　原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语

　例9. The discovery of new evidence led to ______________.

　A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught

　C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught

　解析：本题led to中的to是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为D。

　例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.

　A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed

　C. being opened and closed D. to open and close

　解析：本题the noise of中的of是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，desks作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为C。

　原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语，-ed形式则不可以

　例11. ___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.

　A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch

　解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。

　例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

　A. Examining B. Examined

　C. Being examined D. Having been examined

　解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。

　原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语

　例13Michael's new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

　A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared

　解析：?和。。。相比较?结构为be compared with，现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为D。

　例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

　A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing

　解析：?面对?结构为be faced with, 现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为C。

　原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构

　例15. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.

　A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten

　解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语the postman一致，the postman应该是被咬，所以答案为B。

　例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.

　A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked

　解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致, he 和walk应该是主动关系，所以答案为B。

　例17. While watching television, __________.

　A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

　C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings

　解析：根据?非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致?的原则，watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致，所以句子主语应为?we?，答案为C。

　例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.

　A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished

　解析：本题没有连词，所以后面应用非谓语动词，the lessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语，和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是?被完成?，所以答案为B。

　原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语(表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式)。另外，某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因

　例19._____, you need to give all you have and try your best.

　A. Being a winner B. To be a winner

　C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner

　解析：根据句意?要想成为获胜者，你要付出所有，尽最大努力?，此处表目的`，所以答案为B。

　例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.

　A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

　解析：本句句意为?记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知明星们已经走了?，表出乎意料的结果常常用only to do，所以答案为B。

　例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.

　A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let

　解析：本题句意为?玻璃门替换了木头门，自然光就进来了?，自然光进来时顺其自然的结果，所以用doing, 答案为B。

　例22.How glad I am ___________ you!

　A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen

　解析： 本题是I am glad to see you 的感叹句形式，to see you 是原因状语，答案为B。

　原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done几种形式

　例23______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.

　A. Not realized B. Not to realize

　C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized

　解析： 本题考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案为 C。

　例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.

　A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed

　C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed

　解析：本题考查being done的否定形式not being done; his 为not being done的逻辑主语，所以答

　案为B。

　例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.

　A. don't go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go

　解析：本题考查to do的否定形式not to do, 所以答案为D。

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